CompTIA CASP+ Practice Test

When assessing data security, what does "exfiltration" refer to?

1. Data backup process

2. Unauthorized data transfer

3. System data analysis

4. Encryption of sensitive information

The correct answer is: Unauthorized data transfer

Exfiltration specifically pertains to the unauthorized transfer of data from a system. This concept is of significant concern in data security because it involves the removal of sensitive or confidential information by an unauthorized entity, which could lead to data breaches or leaks. Effective security measures aim to prevent exfiltration by implementing controls such as data loss prevention (DLP) technologies, monitoring network traffic for suspicious activity, and enforcing strict access controls. Understanding exfiltration is vital for cybersecurity professionals, as it highlights the threats posed by insiders and external attackers who may seek to extract sensitive information without consent. The other choices do not accurately describe exfiltration. The data backup process is a legitimate and typically authorized procedure for safeguarding data. System data analysis refers to the examination of data patterns and trends, which assists in understanding and improving security measures but does not involve unauthorized transfer. Encryption of sensitive information is a protective measure that secures data to prevent unauthorized access rather than conveying the act of transferring data.